Consider a square with opposing corners A and B:
There are different possible paths from A to B. One can travel first along the x-axis and then along the y-axis, making the total travel distance 2 times the side of the square:
One can also travel along the diagonal
and by using the Pythagora theorem, that distance is shorter by a factor
Now, consider a third path, go half along x, half along y, half along x and then half along y:
Again clearly a a total distance 2 since you just folded the blue path on two places. You can divide this up in more slices, but the total distance will remain constant 2, e.g:
However, in the limit, the path taken will be that of the diagonal, which is
shorter. But we know the path is 2 long since all such paths are 2 long, and hence
since
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